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Screening for depression in primary care: recommendation statement from the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care.

Screening for depression: recommendations and rationale.

 
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Depression Resource Center

 

An estimated 5-20% of the population experience depression. at some time. As many as two thirds of the people with depression do not realize that they have a treatable illness and do not seek treatment. Persistent ignorance and misperceptions of the disease by the public, including many health providers, as a personal weakness or failing that can be willed or wished away leads to painful stigmatization and avoidance of the diagnosis by many of those affected.

Anxiety is a complex feeling of apprehension, fear, and worry often accompanied by pulmonary, cardiac, and other physical sensations. It is a ubiquitous condition that varies from the physiologic to the pathologic in its presentation. When pathologic, it can exist as a primary disorder, or it can be associated with medical illness, neurologic syndromes, or other primary psychiatric illnesses (eg, depression, psychosis).

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  eMedicine Spotlight
 
Anxiety Disorder: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Pediatrics
  Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a significant neurobiological disorder that severely can disrupt academic, social, and vocational functioning. The major feature of this disorder is recurring obsessions and compulsions that interfere with a person's life. Once believed to be relatively rare in children and adolescents, OCD now is believed to affect as many as 2% of children.
 
Anxiety Disorders Psychiatry
  Anxiety disorders are common psychiatric disorders. Many patients with anxiety disorders experience physical symptoms related to anxiety and subsequently visit their primary care physicians. Despite the high prevalence rates of these anxiety disorders, they often are underrecognized and undertreated clinical problems.
 
Depression Psychiatry
  Unipolar depression is one of the more commonly encountered psychiatric disorders. While many effective treatments are available, this disorder is often underdiagnosed and undertreated. Primary care providers should strongly consider the presence of depression in their patients.
 
Depression and Suicide Emergency Medicine
  Depression is a potentially life-threatening mood disorder that affects up to 10% of the population, or approximately 17.6 million Americans each year. In addition to considerable pain and suffering that interfere with individual functioning, depression affects those who care about the ill person, sometimes destroying family relationships or work dynamics between the patient and others.
 
Dysthymic Disorder Psychiatry
  The current consensus is that major depressive disorder, dysthymia, double depression (alternating dysthymia and depression), and some apparently transient dysphorias all are manifestations of the same disease process. Thus, all of these varieties of depression respond to similar psychological and physical treatments, and they share polysomnographic abnormalities.
 
   
 
  Bipolar Disorder Resource Center
   
 
  Pilowsky DJ, Olfson M, Gameroff MJ, Wickramaratne P, Blanco C, Feder A, Gross R, Neria Y, Weissman MM. Panic disorder and suicidal ideation in primary care. Depress Anxiety. 2005 Oct 21.
  Kendler KS, Gardner CO, Prescott CA. Toward a comprehensive developmental model for major depression in men. Am J Psychiatry. 2006 Jan;163(1):115-24.
  Shih JH, Eberhart NK, Hammen CL, Brennan PA. Differential exposure and reactivity to interpersonal stress predict sex differences in adolescent depression. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2006 Mar;35(1):103-15.
  Cohen A, Houck PR, Szanto K, Dew MA, Gilman SE, Reynolds CF 3rd. Social inequalities in response to antidepressant treatment in older adults. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006 Jan;63(1):50-6.
  Fogel J, Eaton WW, Ford DE. Minor depression as a predictor of the first onset of major depressive disorder over a 15-year follow-up. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2006 Jan;113(1):36-43.
  Das AK, Olfson M, McCurtis HL, Weissman MM. Depression in African Americans: Breaking barriers to detection and treatment. J Fam Pract. 2006 Jan;55(1):30-9.



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