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HEART FAILURE RESOURCE CENTER
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Congestive heart failure (CHF) is an imbalance in pump function in which the heart fails to maintain the circulation of blood adequately. The most severe manifestation of CHF, pulmonary edema, develops when this imbalance causes an increase in lung fluid secondary to leakage from pulmonary capillaries into the interstitium and alveoli of the lung.
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Heart failure is the pathophysiologic state in which the heart, via an abnormality of cardiac function (detectable or not), fails to pump blood at a rate commensurate with the requirements of the metabolizing tissues and/or pumps only from an abnormally elevated diastolic filling pressure.
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Congestive heart failure (CHF) occurs when the heart can no longer meet the metabolic demands of the body at normal physiologic venous pressures. As the demands on the heart outstrip the normal range of physiologic compensatory mechanisms, signs of CHF occur. These signs include tachycardia; venous congestion; high catecholamine levels; and, ultimately, insufficient cardiac output.
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