
		• Cutaneous Manifestations of HIV Disease • Early Symptomatic HIV Infection • HIV-1 Associated CNS Complications (Overview) • Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection • Ocular Manifestations of HIV • View All HIV Articles


		• AIDS dementia complex: Brain CT Scan. • Dull red, violaceous, maculopapular lesions. • MRI image consistent with HIV myelopathy. • Photomicrograph: Intense astrogliosis of HIV encephalitis. • View All HIV Multimedia Files


		• HIV Testing • HIV/AIDS


		• CD4 indication for starting PCP prophylaxis • CDC clinical categories for HIV-infected children • Indication and CD4 count for MAC prophylaxis • Risk factors for vertical transmission

HIV RESOURCE CENTER

Cutaneous Manifestations of HIV Disease

Dermatology

Cutaneous manifestations, which may be the initial signs of virus-related immunosuppression, frequently occur in patients who are infected with HIV. Recognizing HIV-related skin changes may lead to the diagnosis of HIV infection in the early stages, which allows the initiation of appropriate antiretroviral therapy.

Early Symptomatic HIV Infection

Infectious Diseases

The clinical effects of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are diverse, ranging from an acute syndrome associated with primary infection to a prolonged asymptomatic state to advanced disease. HIV disease can be divided empirically based on the degree of immunodeficiency into (1) early stage (ie, CD4 T-cell count >500/mL), (2) intermediate stage (ie, CD4 count 200-500/mL), and (3) advanced stage (ie, CD4 count <200/mL).

HIV-1 Associated CNS Complications (Overview)

Neurology

Multiform CNS complications accompany HIV infection. The HIV-1–associated cognitive/motor complex or AIDS dementia complex (ADC), vacuolar myelopathy, and certain peripheral neuropathies are several conditions that may be caused, directly or indirectly, by HIV itself. Conditions caused by infectious, autoimmune, or neoplastic processes secondary to immunodeficiency include CNS lymphoma, Kaposi sarcoma, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), cerebrovascular diseases, some neuropathies and myopathies, toxoplasmosis, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Pediatrics

Over the past decade, the number of children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has increased dramatically due to an increase in the number of women of childbearing age who are infected with HIV. Before prenatal testing was common, diagnosing HIV infections in a woman after diagnosing it in her child was not unusual.

Ocular Manifestations of HIV

Ophthalmology

More than 900,000 individuals are infected with HIV in the US, and close to 30 million individuals carry the virus worldwide. Among the individuals infected with HIV, approximately 70-80% will be treated for an HIV-associated eye disorder during the course of the illness.

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