Excerpt from Medical Informatics in Neurology

Synonyms, Key Words, and Related Terms: signal processing, image processing, decision support systems, computerized patient records, computer-based patient record, CPR, telemedicine, electronic health record, EHR, Web-based CME, computer applications in medical care, computerized patient care, biomedical informatics, computer applications in health care

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Medical informatics is most simply defined as computer applications in medical care. The definition can be more complicated. Biomedical informatics is an emerging discipline that has been defined as the study, invention, and implementation of structures and algorithms to improve communication, understanding, and management of medical information. The end objective of biomedical informatics is the integration of data, knowledge, and tools necessary to apply that data and knowledge in the decision-making process associated with patient care. The focus on the structures and algorithms necessary to manipulate the information separates biomedical informatics from other medical disciplines where information content is the focus.

According to Van Bemmel, medical informatics comprises the theoretical and practical aspects of information processing and communication based on knowledge and experience derived from processes in medicine and health care.

The applications of computers in health care are very extensive, but the field of medical informatics can be structured or divided into the following domains:

Signal processing - ECG, electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG) analysis by computer
Image processing - Radiography, US, CT scanning, MRI/magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scanning/positron emission tomography (PET) scanning, cerebral angiography
Computerized patient records
Decision support systems
Telemedicine
Internet and web-based medical communications

For excellent patient education resources, visit eMedicine's Public Health Center, Imaging Center, and Procedures Center. Also, see eMedicine's patient education articles Family Medical Records, CT Scan, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Understanding X-rays, Electrocardiogram (ECG), and Electromyography (EMG).

Please click here to view the full topic text: Medical Informatics in Neurology

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