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Excerpt from Geographic TongueSynonyms, Key Words, and Related Terms: benign migratory glossitis, erythema migrans, stomatitis areata migrans, erythema areata migrans, increased sensitivity to hot foods, increased sensitivity to spicy foods, psoriasis, fissured tongue, burning sensation of tongue with hot foods, burning sensation of tongue with spicy foods, irritation of tongue with hot foods, irritation of tongue with spicy foods, loss of filiform papillae Please click here to view the full topic text: Geographic TongueBackgroundGeographic tongue (benign migratory glossitis) is a benign condition that occurs in up to 3% of the general population. Most often, patients are asymptomatic; however, some patients report increased sensitivity to hot and spicy foods. The etiology and pathogenesis are still poorly understood. The condition affects males and females and is noted to be more prominent in adults than in children. The classic manifestation is an area of erythema, with atrophy of the filiform papillae of the tongue, surrounded by a serpiginous, white, hyperkeratotic border. The patient often reports spontaneous resolution of the lesion in one area, with the return of normal tongue architecture, only to have another lesion appear in a different location of the tongue. Lesion activity may wax and wane over time, and patients are occasionally free of lesions. If lesions occur at other mucosal sites, the condition is termed erythema migrans. PathophysiologyThe most commonly affected site is the tongue; however, other oral mucosal soft tissue sites may be affected. It has been reported with increased frequency in patients with psoriasis and in patients with fissured tongue. Although this is an inflammatory condition histologically, a polygenic mode of inheritance has been suggested because it is seen clustering in families. Associations with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)–DR5, HLA-DRW6, and HLA-Cw6 have also been reported. FrequencyUnited StatesThis condition has reportedly occurred in up to 3% of the general population in the United States. InternationalInternational frequency rates are similar to those reported in the United States. Mortality/MorbidityGeographic tongue is a benign condition. RaceNo racial or ethnic predilection is reported for this condition. SexFemales have been reported to be affected twice as often as males. Exacerbations have been suggested to be related to hormonal factors. AgeGeographic tongue can affect all age groups; however, it is more predominant in adults than in children. Please click here to view the full topic text: Geographic Tongue |
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