Excerpt from Apocrine Hidrocystoma

Synonyms, Key Words, and Related Terms: apocrine cystadenoma, apocrine retention cyst, benign cystic proliferation, benign cyst

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Background

Apocrine hidrocystomas are benign cystic proliferations of the apocrine secretory glands. These cysts most commonly appear as solitary, soft, dome-shaped, translucent papules or nodules and most frequently are located on the eyelids, especially the inner canthus. Apocrine hidrocystomas grow slowly and usually persist indefinitely.

Pathophysiology

The exact stimulus for the development of an apocrine hidrocystoma is unknown. Plausible causes of the closely related eccrine hidrocystoma include occlusion or blockage of the sweat duct apparatus, which results in the retention of sweat and a dilated cystic structure.

Frequency

United States

The lesion is relatively common in the United States.

Mortality/Morbidity

Cysts are entirely benign and seldom recur after removal. Cysts may annoy patients; however, symptoms usually are mild or absent. Vision usually is not affected.

Race

No predilection for race or geographic region is recognized.

Sex

No sex predilection is described.

Age

Cysts occur in adulthood, although in no particular age group.

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